{"id":177432,"date":"2021-04-08T11:20:23","date_gmt":"2021-04-08T11:20:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/history\/"},"modified":"2023-11-14T08:01:54","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T08:01:54","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"Histoire"},"content":{"rendered":"

Histoire du Dental Trauma Guide<\/h2>\n

En 1962, une d\u00e9cision importante a \u00e9t\u00e9 prise au Centre des Traumatismes, le service de chirurgie orale et maxillofaciale de l’H\u00f4pital Universitaire de Copenhague : on proc\u00e9derait \u00e0 un enregistrement du suivi p\u00e9riodique de tous les patients trait\u00e9s pour des traumatismes dentaire et des l\u00e9sions maxillofaciales. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, le service est le seul responsable du traitement des traumatismes dentaires dans la r\u00e9gion est du Danemark, avec une population de pr\u00e8s de deux millions d’habitants.<\/p>\n

Les principes de traitement \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque \u00e9taient fond\u00e9s sur le manuel dat\u00e9 de 1960 \u200b\u00a0\u00bbThe Classification and Treatment of Traumatic Dental Injuries\u00a0\u00bb<\/i>, \u200b, de R.G. Ellis (1), un livre qui s’appuyait sur des comptes-rendus de cas et des opinions d’experts. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 l’absence de bons mat\u00e9riaux scientifiques dans le domaine de la traumatologie dentaire, ce nombre faible de faits fournissait la seule base pour les d\u00e9cisions de traitement.<\/i><\/p>\n

Il est bien vite devenu \u00e9vident, lors de visites de suivi des patients souffrant de traumatismes, que les r\u00e9gimes de traitement fond\u00e9s sur ces sources de renseignements conduisaient souvent \u00e0 de s\u00e9rieuses complications de gu\u00e9rison. Ces complications sont mises en valeur dans une s\u00e9rie d’\u00e9tudes r\u00e9trospectives couvrant \u200bles l\u00e9sions par luxation<\/i> (7), \u200bles avulsions<\/i> avec replantation subs\u00e9quente (2, 3),<\/i> les fractures coronaires\u00a0<\/i>(4, 5), les fractures alv\u00e9olaires\u200b<\/i> (6) et les fractures de la m\u00e2choire<\/i> (6). Les complications de gu\u00e9rison reconnues dans les examens de suivi cliniques et radiographiques \u00e9taient une n\u00e9crose pulpaire<\/i>, une obliteration canalaire pulpaire<\/i>, une r\u00e9sorption radiculaire progressive\u200b<\/i>, la perte de l’os de soutien<\/i> et la perte de la dent<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Une tentative d’\u00e9tablir une relation de cause \u00e0 effet entre le type et l’\u00e9tendue du traumatisme, la modalit\u00e9 de traitement et le d\u00e9veloppement subs\u00e9quent de complications a \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9rieusement entrav\u00e9e par les donn\u00e9es incompl\u00e8tes dans les dossiers des patients ainsi que par l’insuffisance de documentation radiographique initiale sur l’\u00e9tendue de la l\u00e9sion. La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape pour rectifier la situation a \u00e9t\u00e9 d’\u00e9tablir un syst\u00e8me de classification pour les traumatismes dentaires, couvrant toutes les l\u00e9sions possibles des tissus dentaires durs, des tissus parodontaux et de l’os alv\u00e9olaire. Le syst\u00e8me de classification de l’OMS a \u00e9t\u00e9 choisi comme mod\u00e8le et quelques entit\u00e9s de traumatismes manquantes y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9es (commotion, subluxation et luxation lat\u00e9rale) pour couvrir tous les sc\u00e9narios de l\u00e9sion diff\u00e9renciables biologiquement (147). Ce syst\u00e8me de classification a depuis \u00e9t\u00e9 largement accept\u00e9 et a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 dans toutes nos autres \u00e9tudes de traumatismes.<\/p>\n

Pour am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 des dossiers des traumatismes des patients \u00e0 l’H\u00f4pital Universitaire et accro\u00eetre leur valeur pour la recherche, un formulaire de traumatisme normalis\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 et mis en place en 1966. Ce dossier de patient normalis\u00e9 \u00e9tait assez exhaustif et contenait tous les d\u00e9tails n\u00e9cessaires concernant le type et l’\u00e9tendue de la l\u00e9sion, les caract\u00e9ristiques du patient (par ex. stade du d\u00e9veloppement radiculaire, \u00e2ge et sexe), ainsi que les renseignements relatifs au traitement fourni. En tout, 65 \u00e9l\u00e9ments d’information sur le traumatisme \u00e9taient receuillis pour chaque patient. En 1969, une proc\u00e9dure d’examen radiographique normalis\u00e9e<\/i> a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e, utilisant 4 projections radiographiques pour chaque dent traumatis\u00e9e et, en 1971, une documentation technique<\/i> a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9e pour inclure une photo faciale de la r\u00e9gion orale, afin d’enregistrer les l\u00e9sions labiales associ\u00e9es, ainsi que des photos frontales et axiales des dents bless\u00e9es (16). Pour compl\u00e9ter les dossiers initiaux, des proc\u00e9dures de suivi ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ex\u00e9cut\u00e9es \u00e0 des intervalles pr\u00e9d\u00e9termin\u00e9s, choisis, selon l’exp\u00e9rience, comme repr\u00e9sentant les p\u00e9riodes optimales pour reconna\u00eetre les complications de gu\u00e9rison. Chaque fois que le traitement \u00e9chouait et que des dents \u00e9taient extraites, elles \u00e9taient examin\u00e9es par le Service de la Pathologie Orale \u00e0 l’\u00c9cole Dentaire, qui avait des liens tr\u00e8s \u00e9troites avec l’H\u00f4pital Universitaire (l’auteur principal travaillait dans les deux institutions). Dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 et 1980, suffisamment de donn\u00e9es normalis\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 accumul\u00e9es pour permettre des \u00e9tudes cliniques prospectives des traumatismes\u200b<\/i> et, au global, 80 publications couvrant les entit\u00e9s de traumatismes affectant la dentition primaire et permanente sont \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent finalis\u00e9es (2-80, 156).<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970, une opportunit\u00e9 unique de faire de la traumatologie dentaire exp\u00e9rimentale<\/i> st apparue quand l’auteur principal a re\u00e7u l’autorisation de faire des recherches sur des singes utilis\u00e9s au Serum Institute au Danemark ; ces animaux \u00e9taient utilis\u00e9s comme donneurs de reins pour la production de vaccin contre la polio. Les exp\u00e9riences conduites sur ces singes ont conduit \u00e0 65 \u00e9tudes exp\u00e9rimentales en traumatologie dentaire, certaines in vitro (81-146).<\/p>\n

La section suivante d\u00e9crit le volume d’informations cliniques et exp\u00e9rimentales disponibles pour chaque type de traumatisme. Ces renseignements sont essentiels car ils mod\u00e8lent l’approche utilis\u00e9e par le Dental Trauma Guide<\/i> pour chaque entit\u00e9 de traumatisme individuelle en lien avec le \u200b\u200bdiagnostic\u200b<\/i>\u200b, la \u200b\u200bs\u00e9lection du traitement\u200b<\/i>\u200b et \u200b\u200bl’estimation du pronostic\u200b<\/i>\u200b.<\/p>\n

\u200bL\u00e9sions par luxation\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bLes commotion, subluxation, luxations extrusive, lat\u00e9rale et intrusive, impliquant le dentition permanente, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9es dans une s\u00e9rie d’\u00e9tudes prospectives (16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 66-69), et les complications de gu\u00e9rison, telles que la n\u00e9crose pulpaire, l’oblit\u00e9ration canalaire pulpaire (22), la r\u00e9sorption radiculaire externe et interne (29), la fracture de l’os marginale transitoire et permanente (16, 17) et la fracture de l’os apical transitoire ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9es en d\u00e9tail (21-46). L’\u00e9tiologie et la pathog\u00e9n\u00e8se de la \u200b\u200bn\u00e9crose pulpaire\u200b<\/i>\u200b ont \u00e9t\u00e9 notamment examin\u00e9es en lien avec le type de luxation et le stade de d\u00e9veloppement radiculaire (17). L’\u00e9tiologie et la pathologie de \u200b\u200bl’oblit\u00e9ration canalaire pulpaire\u200b<\/i>\u200b (OCP) sont une autre complication de gu\u00e9rison de la pulpe \u00e9tudi\u00e9e et un lien fort a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9 entre l’apparition de l’OCP, le d\u00e9placement initial (rupture de l’apport sanguin apical) et le stade de d\u00e9veloppement radiculaire (22). L’effet \u00e0 long-terme de l’oblit\u00e9ration canalaire pulpaire (c’est \u00e0 dire jusqu’\u00e0 20 ans) a \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9 dans une \u00e9tude conjointe avec Dr. A. Robertson de l’\u00c9cole Dentaire de G\u00f6teborg en Su\u00e8de, et une certaine augmentation du risque annuel de n\u00e9crose pulpaire par la suite a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie pour les dents avec une oblit\u00e9ration canalaire pulpaire (37).
\nLes complications de gu\u00e9rison parodontale ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9es et des liens forts ont \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9s entre les apparitions de r\u00e9sorption radiculaire et le type de luxation (66-69). De plus, pour les intrusions, un lien a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9 entre le choix de traitement initial et la fr\u00e9quence de la r\u00e9sorption canalaire subs\u00e9quente (51-53).<\/p>\n

\u200bL\u00e9sions par avulsion avec replantation subs\u00e9quente\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bLa premi\u00e8re \u00e9tude clinique \u200b\u200br\u00e9trospective\u200b<\/i>\u200b de 110 dents replant\u00e9es a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e en 1966 et montre un lien important entre la dur\u00e9e du temps de s\u00e9chage extraoral et les complications de gu\u00e9rison ult\u00e9rieures, telles que la n\u00e9crose pulpaire et la r\u00e9sorption radiculaire progressive (2,3). Une \u00e9tude de dents humaines extraites et examin\u00e9es de fa\u00e7on histologique a montr\u00e9 que les apparitions de r\u00e9sorption radiculaire pouvaient \u00eatre divis\u00e9es en r\u00e9sorption de la surface, r\u00e9sorption inflammatoire et r\u00e9sorption de remplacement (2, 3) ; une terminologie qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 ult\u00e9rieurement chang\u00e9e en \u200b\u200br\u00e9sorption li\u00e9e \u00e0 la r\u00e9paration\u200b<\/i>\u200b, \u200b\u200br\u00e9sorption inflammatoire li\u00e9e \u00e0 une infection\u200b<\/i>\u200b et \u200b\u200br\u00e9sorption li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’ankylose (remplacement osseuse)\u200b<\/i>\u200b.<\/p>\n

Une \u00e9tude histologique a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que la r\u00e9sorption li\u00e9e \u00e0 une infection provenait de la pr\u00e9sence de bact\u00e9ries situ\u00e9es dans le canal radiculaire et des tubules dentinaires (3), et une \u00e9tude clinique a montr\u00e9 qu’un traitement du canal radiculaire conventionnel pouvait pr\u00e9venir et arr\u00eater la r\u00e9sorption li\u00e9e \u00e0 une infection dans environ 10% des cas (2). Quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, on a d\u00e9couvert que le calcium hydroxide \u00e9tait efficace dans la pr\u00e9vention et l’arr\u00eat des r\u00e9sorptions li\u00e9es \u00e0 une infection dans 90% des cas (12).<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970, une s\u00e9rie d’exp\u00e9riences sur les singes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 initi\u00e9es pour \u00e9tudier la pathog\u00e9n\u00e8se des types de r\u00e9sorption radiculaire apr\u00e8s la replantation (88-89) et pour \u00e9valuer les effets de diverses proc\u00e9dures de traitement sur les r\u00e9sultats de replantation de dents permanentes. Parmi les proc\u00e9dures et facteurs test\u00e9s, on trouvait les effets de la suppression du \u200b\u200bcoagulum\u200b<\/i>\u200b avant la replantation (93), l’effet n\u00e9faste du \u200b\u200btemps oral additionnel sec ou humide\u200b<\/i>\u200b, l’efficacit\u00e9 de nombreux \u200b\u200bmoyens de stockage\u200b<\/i>\u200b et leurs \u200b\u200btemp\u00e9ratures\u200b<\/i>\u200b (95, 109, 116, 141), les \u200b\u200bproc\u00e9dures de nettoyage\u200b<\/i>\u200b de la surface radiculaire avant la replantation (104), la \u200b\u200bpr\u00e9cision du repositionnement\u200b<\/i>\u200b (102, 113), les \u200b\u200bm\u00e9thodes de pose d’attelle\u200b<\/i>\u200b (rigide ou flexible) et la \u200b\u200bdur\u00e9e de pose de l’attelle\u200b<\/i>\u200b (81, 110), \u200b\u200bla surcharge occlusale\u200b<\/i>\u200b pendant la gu\u00e9rison (101), et le \u200b\u200btraitement endodontique\u200b<\/i>\u200b avant la replantation (103, 106, 120, 121, 125-129). \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, une collaboration de recherche concernant la conception des proc\u00e9dures exp\u00e9rimentales et les classifications de gu\u00e9rison histologiques a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9e entre coll\u00e8gues \u00e0 l’\u00c9cole Dentaire de Stockholm (Drs. L. Hammarstr\u00f6m, L. Andersson, S. Lindskog, L. Bl\u00f6mlof) et Dr. M. Cvek \u00e0 l’Institut Dentaire Eastman \u00e0 Stockholm (117, 118). De m\u00eame, une s\u00e9rie d’exp\u00e9riences concernant les effets des \u200b\u200bantibiotiques\u200b<\/i>\u200b sur la gu\u00e9rison pulpaire et LPD apr\u00e8s replantation a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9e par ces auteurs (143-146).<\/p>\n

En 1994, la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tude \u200b\u200bprospective\u200b<\/i>\u200b de 400 dents humaines replant\u00e9es avec des p\u00e9riodes de suivi jusqu’\u00e0 20 ans apr\u00e8s la replantation a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e. Gr\u00e2ce aux informations d\u00e9taill\u00e9es sur le lien important entre la condition de stockage extra-alv\u00e9olaire et l’apparition ult\u00e9rieure de complications de gu\u00e9rison pulpaire et parodontale, une analyse de survie d\u00e9taill\u00e9e a pu \u00eatre \u00e9tablie pour les dents replant\u00e9es avec un ensemble de donn\u00e9es de conditions extra-alv\u00e9olaires (33-36). Dans une \u00e9tude ult\u00e9rieure, l’influence de diff\u00e9rents facteurs, tels que l’\u00e2ge, la pose d’attelle et les techniques endodontiques sur la progression ou l’arr\u00eat d’une r\u00e9sorption radiculaire, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9crite (64,65).\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200bFractures coronaires avec et sans exposition pulpaire\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bNous travaillons actuellement sur une \u00e9tude prospective couvrant 853 dents permanentes incluant les cinq types de fractures coronaires (infractions, fractures d’\u00e9mail, am\u00e9lo-dentinaire et \u00e9malo-dentinaire avec atteinte pulpaire) ainsi que les combinaisons des 5 types de luxation mentionn\u00e9s ci-dessus -76-80). Pour tous les types de fractures et leurs combinaisons, les taux de gu\u00e9rison sont document\u00e9s en lien avec la gu\u00e9rison pulpaire et le ligament parodontal.<\/p>\n

En 1985, un nouveau syst\u00e8me de collage (Gluma\u00ae) a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par Dr. Asmussen et Dr. Munksgaard \u00e0 l’\u00c9cole Dentaire de Copenhague en collaboration avec l’entreprise ESPE\u00ae, et il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d’utiliser le syst\u00e8me pour recoller les fragments coronaires r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9s (27,28). En 1991, une \u00e9tude multi-centres scandinave (G\u00f6teborg, Su\u00e8de, Oslo, Norv\u00e8ge et Copenhague, Danemark) a montr\u00e9 que la m\u00e9thode avait des r\u00e9sultats \u00e0 long-terme prometteurs (31) mais des d\u00e9collages de fragments pouvaient survenir \u00e0 cause de la mastication ou un nouveau traumatisme, les deux \u00e9v\u00e9nements indiquant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de continuer \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la proc\u00e9dure de collage, une situation qui a conduit \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie de nouvelles \u00e9tudes \u200b\u200bin vitro\u200b<\/i>\u200b (132-137).\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200bFractures corono-radiculaires\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bLes deux strat\u00e9gies de traitement les plus fr\u00e9quentes pour les fractures corono-radiculaires non compliqu\u00e9es et compliqu\u00e9es, \u00e0 savoir la restauration \u200b\u200bla gingivectomie\u200b<\/i>\u200b \u00b1 \u200b\u200bl’ostectomie\u200b<\/i>\u200b et \u200b\u200bl’extrusion orthodontique\u200b<\/i>\u200b + \u200b\u200bla gingivectomie\u200b<\/i>\u200b, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9es dans une \u00e9tude prospective \u00e0 long-terme. Concernant la stabilit\u00e9 de la dent restaur\u00e9e dans l’arcade dentaire et la sant\u00e9 gingivale associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la dent restaur\u00e9e, des diff\u00e9rences significatives ont \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9es entre les deux m\u00e9thodes, en faveur de l’extrusion orthodontique en mati\u00e8re de gu\u00e9rison \u00e0 long-terme (70).\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200bFractures radiculaires\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bEn 1967, la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tude \u200b\u200br\u00e9trospective\u200b<\/i>\u200b clinique, radiographique et histologiques de 50 dents permanentes ant\u00e9rieures avec une fracture radiculaire a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 les trois principaux types de sc\u00e9narios de gu\u00e9rison, \u00e0 savoir la gu\u00e9rison avec \u200b\u200ble tissu dur interfragmentaire\u200b<\/i>\u200b, \u200b\u200bla gu\u00e9rison avec le tissu du ligament parodontal interfragmentaire\u200b<\/i>\u200b et enfin \u200b\u200bla non gu\u00e9rison avec le d\u00e9veloppement interfragmentaire du tissu de granulation\u200b<\/i>\u200b \u00e0 cause de la n\u00e9crose pulpaire situ\u00e9e dans le fragment coronaire (4). En 1989, une \u00e9tude \u200b\u200bprospective\u200b<\/i>\u200b de 95 dents permanentes avec une fracture radiculaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 finalis\u00e9e et un lien significatif entre les r\u00e9sultats de gu\u00e9rison, le stade du d\u00e9veloppement radiculaire et l’\u00e9tendue de la dislocation a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9 (23). De plus, du fait d’examens radiographiques identiques p\u00e9riodiques, de nouvelles variations de gu\u00e9rison ont pu \u00eatre d\u00e9crites comme \u200b\u200bla r\u00e9sorption de la surface interne \u200b<\/i>\u200b et\u200b\u200bla r\u00e9sorption interne en tunnel\u200b<\/i>\u200b (24).<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970, une liaison de recherche a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie avec Dr. M. Cvek \u00e0 l’Institut Dentaire Eastman de Stockholm, et des enregistrements identiques de variables en lien avec les fractures radiculaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9s. En 2005, une \u00e9tude prospective de 400 dents avec des fractures radiculaires ont permis une analyse d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de \u200b\u200bfacteurs avant la l\u00e9sion\u200b<\/i>\u200b (\u00e2ge, d\u00e9veloppement radiculaire), des \u200b\u200bfacteurs de la l\u00e9sion\u200b<\/i>\u200b (emplacement de la fracture, gravit\u00e9 de la dislocation du fragment) et, enfin, \u200b\u200bdes facteurs de traitement\u200b<\/i>\u200b (l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du repositionnement, la m\u00e9thode de pose d’attelle et le temps d’attelle et l’administration d’antibiotiques) (48, 49). Par ailleurs, les effets de diverses proc\u00e9dures de traitement endodontiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9s (50). Enfin, le sort \u00e0 long-terme des dents avec des fractures radiculaires a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 en 2008 (59) et 2009 (72).\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200bFractures alv\u00e9olaires\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bDans une \u00e9tude \u200b\u200br\u00e9trospective\u200b<\/i>\u200b de 1968, les r\u00e9sultats de 29 fractures alv\u00e9olaires impliquant 71 dents ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9s, et la n\u00e9crose pulpaire et la r\u00e9sorption radiculaire progressive se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9es tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quentes (6). Toutefois, les proc\u00e9dures de traitement utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque se sont plus tard r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9es sous-optimales. En 2009, une \u00e9tude prospective de 84 fractures alv\u00e9olaires impliquant 197 dents a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e, d\u00e9montrant un risque sensiblement r\u00e9duit de complications en comparaison avec toutes les \u00e9tudes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes rapport\u00e9es et sp\u00e9cifiant un ensemble d’indicateurs de complications de gu\u00e9rison pour les fractures alv\u00e9olaires (62, 63). De plus, une \u00e9tude clinique d’\u00e9tiologie et de pathog\u00e9n\u00e8se de 340 cas incorporant 800 dents a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e (61).\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200bFractures de la m\u00e2choire avec implication dentaire\u200b<\/h3>\n

En 1969, un s\u00e9rie de 84 fractures mandibulaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9es et une fr\u00e9quence plut\u00f4t \u00e9lev\u00e9e de perte osseuse alv\u00e9olaire dans les fractures a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9e, un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne principalement d\u00fb \u00e0 un repositionnement insuffisant (9).\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200bL\u00e9sions aux dents primaires\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bDans deux \u200b\u200b\u00e9tudes r\u00e9trospectives\u200b<\/i>\u200b du d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970, le r\u00e9sultat de complications de gu\u00e9rison pulpaire et parodontale a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9crit pour des dents primaires lux\u00e9es ainsi que les implications pour le d\u00e9veloppement des successeurs. (10, 11). Dans une \u00e9tude clinique et histologique combin\u00e9e, huit diff\u00e9rentes complications impliquant les dents permanentes sous-jacentes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9crites. Celles-ci couvraient : \u200b\u200bles opacit\u00e9s de l’\u00e9mail\u200b<\/i>\u200b, \u200b\u200bl’hypoplasie de l’\u00e9mail avec ou sans hypoplasie de l’\u00e9mail circonf\u00e9rentielle dans la partie cervicale\u200b<\/i>\u200b,\u200b\u200b les dilac\u00e9rations coronaires ou radiculaires\u200b<\/i>\u200b, \u200b\u200bl’angulation radiculaire\u200b<\/i>\u200b, \u200b\u200bla formation radiculaire arr\u00eat\u00e9e\u200b<\/i>\u200b et\u200b\u200bla s\u00e9questration de germes de dents infect\u00e9es\u200b<\/i>\u200b (10, 14).<\/p>\n

Sur la base de ces \u00e9tudes, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d’essayer de d\u00e9velopper un traitement fond\u00e9 sur des faits pour les l\u00e9sions des dents primaires en utilisant le mod\u00e8le d’un signe. Dans plusieurs exp\u00e9riences, les effets des proc\u00e9dures de traitement, telles que l’extraction ou l’attente d’une \u00e9ruption spontan\u00e9e ont \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9s (85, 86). De plus, les effets n\u00e9fastes sur les permanentes, caus\u00e9s par l’inflammation chronique des dents primaires due \u00e0 une n\u00e9crose pulpaire non trait\u00e9e, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9s (87).<\/p>\n

Sur la base de ces exp\u00e9riences animales, une \u00e9tude \u200b\u200bprospective\u200b<\/i>\u200b
\na d\u00e9but\u00e9 avec 270 enfants souffrant de l\u00e9sions aux dents primaires. Tous les enfants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 suivis lors de contr\u00f4les annuels jusqu’\u00e0 l’\u00e2ge de 6 ans o\u00f9 toutes les complications de gu\u00e9rison affectant les dents primaires bless\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9es et reli\u00e9es au type de luxation et au stade de d\u00e9veloppement radiculaire de la dent affect\u00e9e au moment de la l\u00e9sion (39). \u00c0 l’\u00e2ge de 6 ans, les probl\u00e8mes d’\u00e9ruption ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9s pour les successeurs. Enfin, les patients ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rappel\u00e9s \u00e0 l’\u00e2ge de 10 ans o\u00f9 des changements de d\u00e9veloppement subs\u00e9quents aux dents permanentes ont pu \u00eatre enregistr\u00e9s.\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200b\u00c9laboration d’une base de donn\u00e9es unifi\u00e9e pour tous les types de traumatismes\u200b<\/h3>\n

\u200bDepuis que l’enregistrement syst\u00e9matique de tous les divers types de trauma a commenc\u00e9 en 1965, les patients souffrant de traumas ont \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9s et suivis au moyen de dossiers de traumatismes normalis\u00e9s. En tout, 40 000 dossiers de patient existent, et environ 4 000 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 inclus dans des \u00e9tudes de suivi \u00e0 long-terme. Ces 4 000 cas font \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent partie d’une base de donn\u00e9es d\u00e9taill\u00e9e couvrant tous les types de traumatismes dentaires. En 2005, le projet du \u200b\u200bDental Trauma Guide\u200b<\/i>\u200b a d\u00e9but\u00e9 afin d’utiliser cette source d’informations pr\u00e9cieuses pour des estimations de pronostic de complications de gu\u00e9rison apr\u00e8s les traumatismes dentaires. Les donn\u00e9es contribuent \u00e0 calculer les estimations de pronostic pour les divers types de l\u00e9sion et \u00e0 faire des comparaisons entre les proc\u00e9dures de traitement concurrentes. L’objectif et la fonction du \u200b\u200bDental Trauma Guide\u200b<\/i>\u200b sont d\u00e9crits dans une autre publication.<\/p>\n

Les estimations de risque sont fond\u00e9es sur des statistiques de survie effectu\u00e9es sur une s\u00e9lection de patients identifi\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de la base de donn\u00e9es, ayant un sc\u00e9nario de traumatisme comparable. Les statistiques sous-jacentes sont des analyses de tableau de survie mais des approches alternatives ont \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9es, telles que la r\u00e9gression de Cox et l’arbre de d\u00e9cision, afin d’identifier l’approche la plus efficace.<\/p>\n

Les illustrations utilis\u00e9es dans le \u200b\u200bDental Trauma Guide\u200b<\/i>\u200b proviennent d’une s\u00e9rie de manuels traitant de traumatismes, publi\u00e9s par le Service de Chirurgie Orale et Maxillofaciale de l’H\u00f4pital Universitaire de Copenhague (147-155).<\/p>\n

Les auteurs esp\u00e8rent que le projet du \u200b\u200bDental Trauma Guide\u200b<\/i>\u200b aidera les praticiens \u00e0 choisir des traitements s\u00fbrs et efficaces et leur permettra de donner aux patients des informations pr\u00e9cises concernant le profil de risque de la dent traumatis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. ELLIS RG.<\/strong> The classification and treatment of injuries to the teeth of children. 4. ed. Year Book Publishers Inc., Chicago 1960.<\/li>\n
  2. ANDREASEN JO, HJ\u00d8RTING-HANSEN E.<\/strong> Replantation of teeth. I. Radiographic and clinical study of 110 human teeth replanted after accidental loss. Acta Odont Scand 1966;24:287-306.<\/li>\n
  3. ANDREASEN JO, HJ\u00d8RTING-HANSEN E.<\/strong> Replantation of teeth. II. Histological study of 22 replanted anterior teeth in humans. Acta Odont Scand 1966;24:287-306.<\/li>\n
  4. ANDREASEN JO, HJ\u00d8RTING-HANSEN E.<\/strong> Intraalveolar root fractures: radiographic and histologic study of 50 cases. J Oral Surg 1967;25:414-426.<\/li>\n
  5. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Treatment of intraalveolar root fractures by cobalt-chromium implants. Brit J Oral Surg 1968;6:141-146.<\/li>\n
  6. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Fractures of the alveolar process of the jaw. A clinical and radiographic follow-up study. Scand J Dent Res 1970;78:263-272.<\/li>\n
  7. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Luxation of permanent teeth due to trauma. A clinical and radiographic follow-up study of 189 injured teeth. Scand J Dent Res 1970;78:273-286.<\/li>\n
  8. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Etiology and pathogenesis of traumatic dental injuries. A clinical study of 1.289 cases. Scand J Dent Res 1970;78:329-342.<\/li>\n
  9. ROED-PETERSEN B, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Prognosis of permanent teeth involved in jaw fractures. A clinical and radiographic follow-up study. Scand J Dent Res 1970;78:343-352.<\/li>\n
  10. ANDREASEN JO, SUNDSTR\u00d8M B, RAVN JJ.<\/strong> The effect of traumatic injuries to primary teeth on their permanent successors. I. A clinical, radiographic, microradiographic and electronmicroscopic study of 117 injured permanent teeth. Scand J Dent Res 1970;79:219-283.<\/li>\n
  11. ANDREASEN JO, RAVN JJ.<\/strong> The effect of traumatic injuries to primary teeth on their permanent successors. II. A clinical and radiographic follow-up study of 213 injured teeth. Scand J Dent Res 1970;79:284-294.<\/li>\n
  12. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Treatment of fractured and avulsed teeth. ASDC J Dent Child 1971;38:1-5.<\/li>\n
  13. ANDREASEN JO,<\/strong> RAVN JJ. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries to primary and permanent teeth in a Danish population sample. Int J Oral Surg 1972;1:235-239.<\/li>\n
  14. ANDREASEN JO, RAVN JJ.<\/strong> Enamel changes in permanent teeth after trauma to their predecessors. Scand J Dent Res 1973;81:203-209.<\/li>\n
  15. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Periodontal healing after replantation of traumatically avulsed human teeth. Assessment by mobility testing and radiography. Acta Odont Scand 1975;33:325-35.<\/li>\n
  16. ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Diagnosis of luxation injuries: the importance of standardized clinical, radiographic and photographic techniques in clinical investigations. Endod Dent Traumatol 1985;5:160-169.<\/li>\n
  17. ANDREASEN FM, VESTERGAARD PEDERSEN B.<\/strong> Prognosis of luxated permanent teeth \u2013 the development of pulp necrosis. Endod Dent Traumatol 1985;207-220.<\/li>\n
  18. RINDUM JL, MUNKSGAARD EC, ASMUSSEN E, H\u00d8RSTED P, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> P\u00e5limning af tandfragmenter efter fraktur: En forel\u00f8big redeg\u00f8relse. Tandl\u00e6gebladet 1986;90:397-403.<\/li>\n
  19. ANDREASEN FM, RINDUM JL, MUNKSGAARD EC, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Bonding of enamel-dentin crown fractures with GLUMA and resin. Endod Dent Traumatol 1986;2:277-80.<\/li>\n
  20. ANDREASEN FM, YU Z, THOMSEN BL.<\/strong> Relationship between pulp dimensions and development of pulp necrosis after luxation injuries in the permanent dentition. Endod Dent Traumatol 1986;2:90-8.<\/li>\n
  21. ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Transient apical breakdown and its relation to color and sensibility changes. Endod Dent Traumatol 1986;2:9-19.<\/li>\n
  22. ANDREASEN FM, YU Z, THOMSEN BL, ANDERSEN PK.<\/strong> Occurrence of pulp canal obliteration after luxation injuries in the permanent dentition. Endod Dent Traumatol 1987;3:103-115.<\/li>\n
  23. ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Prognosis of root fractured permanent incisors, prediction of healing modalities. Endod Dent Traumatol 1989;5:11-22.<\/li>\n
  24. ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Resorption and mineralization processes following root fracture of permanent incisors. Endod Dent Traumatol 1988;4:202-14.<\/li>\n
  25. ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Treatment of traumatic dental injuries: A shift in strategy. Tandl\u00e6gebladet 1989;93:450-457.<\/li>\n
  26. ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Pulpal healing after luxation injuries and root fracture in the permanent dentition. Endod Dent Traumatol 1989; 5: 111-131<\/li>\n
  27. MUNKSGAARD EC, H\u00d8JTVED L, J\u00d8RGENSEN EHW, ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Enamel-dentin crown fractures bonded with various bonding agents. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991;7:73-77.<\/li>\n
  28. MUNKSGAARD EC, H\u00d8JTVED L, J\u00d8RGENSEN EHW, ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Enamel-dentin crown fractures bonded with various bonding agents. Tandl\u00e6gernes Nye Tidsskrift 1991;3:76.<\/li>\n
  29. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Root resorption following traumatic dental injuries. Proc Finn Dent Soc. 1992;88:95-114.<\/li>\n
  30. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Progression of root resorption after replantation of 400 avulsed human incisors. In: Davidovitch Z (ed.). The Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption, Resorption and Replacement by Implants. Harvard Society for The Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston, Massachusetts 1994;577-82.<\/li>\n
  31. ANDREASEN FM, NOR\u00c9N JG, ANDREASEN JO, ENGELHARDTSEN S, LINDH-STR\u00d6MBERG U.<\/strong> Long-term survival of fragment bonding in the treatment of fractured crowns: a multicenter clinical study. Quintessence Internat 1995;26:669-81.<\/li>\n
  32. ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Treatment strategy for root fractures in the permanent dentition. Austral Endo News 1995;21:6.<\/li>\n
  33. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, JACOBSEN HL, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 1. Diagnosis of healing complications. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995;11:51-8.<\/li>\n
  34. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, JACOBSEN HL, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Replantation of 400 traumatically avulsed permanent incisors. 2. Factors related to pulpal healing. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995;11:59-68.<\/li>\n
  35. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 3. Factors related to root growth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995;11:69-75.<\/li>\n
  36. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, JACOBSEN HL, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Replantation of 400 traumatically avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995;11:59-89.<\/li>\n
  37. ROBERTSON A, ANDREASEN FM, BERGENHOLTZ G, ANDREASEN JO, NOR\u00c9N JG.<\/strong> Incidence of pulp necrosis subsequent to pulp canal obliteration from trauma of permanent incisors. J Endod 1996;22:557-60.<\/li>\n
  38. ROBERTSON A, LUNDGREN T, ANDREASEN JO, DIETZ W, HOYER I, NOR\u00c9N JG.<\/strong> Pulp calcifications in traumatized primary incisors. A morphological and inductive analysis study. Eur J Oral Sci 1997;196-206.<\/li>\n
  39. BORUM MK, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Sequelae of trauma to primary maxillary incisors. I. Complications in the primary dentition. Endod Dent Traumatol 1998;14:31-44.<\/li>\n
  40. GLENDOR U, HALLING A, ANDERSSON L, ANDREASEN JO, KLITZ I.<\/strong> Type of treatment and estimation of time spent on dental trauma. A longitudinal and retrospective study. Swed Dent J 1998;22:47-60.<\/li>\n
  41. KAWANAMI M, ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, SCHOU S, HJ\u00d8RTING-HANSEN E, KATO H.<\/strong>Infraposition of ankylosed permanent maxillary incisors after replantation related to age and sex. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999;15:50-6.<\/li>\n
  42. ROBERTSON A, ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO, NOR\u00c9N JG.<\/strong> Long-term prognosis of crown-fractured permanent incisors. The effect of stage of root development and associated luxation injury. Int J Paed Dent 2000;10:191-9.<\/li>\n
  43. CVEK M, ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK.<\/strong> Healing of 208 intra-alveolar root fractures in patients aged 7 to 17 years. Dent Traumatol 2001;17:53-62.<\/li>\n
  44. BORUM MK, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Therapeutic and economic implications of traumatic dental injuries in Denmark: an estimate based on 7549 patients treated at a major trauma centre. Int J Paediat Dent 2001;11:249-58.<\/li>\n
  45. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM, SKEIE A, HJ\u00d8RTING-HANSEN E, SCHWARTZ O.<\/strong> Effect of treatment delay upon pulp and periodontal healing of traumatic dental injuries \u2013 a review article. Dent Traumatol 2002;18:116-28.<\/li>\n
  46. ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Transient root resorption after dental trauma: The clinician\u2019s dilemma. J Esthet Restor Dent 2003; 15: 80-92.<\/li>\n
  47. CVEK M, MEJ\u00c0RE I, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Healing and prognosis of teeth with intra-alveolar fractures involving the cervical part of the root. Dent Traumatol 2002;18:57-65.<\/li>\n
  48. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM, MEJ\u00c0RE I. CVEK M.<\/strong> Healing of 400 intra-alveolar root fractures. 1. Effect of pre-injury and injury factors such as sex, age, stage of rot development, fracture type, location of fractures and severity of dislocation. Dent Traumatol 2004;20:192-202.<\/li>\n
  49. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM, MEJ\u00c0RE I, CVEK M.<\/strong> Healing of 400 intra-alveolar root fractures. 2. Effect of treatment factors such as treatment delay, repositioning, splinting type and period of antibiotics. Dent Traumatol 2004;20:203-11.<\/li>\n
  50. CVEK M, MEJ\u00c0RE I, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Conservative endodontic treatment of teeth fractures in the middle or apical part of the root. Dent Traumatol 2004;20:261-9.<\/li>\n
  51. ANDREASEN JO, BAKLAND LK, MATRAS R, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 1. An epidemiological study of 216 intruded permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol 2006;22:83-9.<\/li>\n
  52. ANDREASEN JO, BAKLAND LK, MATRAS R, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 2. A clinical study of the effect of preinjury and injury factors (such as sex, age, stage of root development, tooth location and extent of injury including number of intruded teeth) on 140 intruded permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol 2006;22:90-8.<\/li>\n
  53. ANDREASEN JO, BAKLAND LK, MATRAS R, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 3. A clinical study of the effect of treatment variables such as treatment delay, method of repositioning, type of splint, length of splinting and antibiotics in 140 teeth. Dent Traumatol 2006;22:99-111.<\/li>\n
  54. ANDREASEN JO, VINDING TR, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Predictors for healing complications in the permanent dentition after dental trauma. A review. Endod Topics 2006; 14; 20-27.<\/li>\n
  55. ANDREASEN JO, MALMGREN B, SAE-LIM V, BAKLAND L.<\/strong> Tooth avulsion in children, to replant or not. A survey article. Endod Topics 2006, 14; 28-34.<\/li>\n
  56. ANDREASEN JO, JENSEN L. AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Relationship between calcium hydroxide pH levels in the root canals and periodontal healing after replantation of avulsed teeth. Endod Topics 2006;14:93-101.<\/li>\n
  57. MALMGREN B, MALMGREN O, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Alveolar bone development after decoronation of ankylosed teeth. Endod Topics 2006;14:35-40.<\/li>\n
  58. ANDREASEN JO, JENSEN SS, SAE-LIM V.<\/strong> The role of antibiotics in preventing healing complications after traumatic dental injuries. A literature review. Endod Topic 2006;14:80-92.<\/li>\n
  59. CVEK M, TSILINGARIDIS G, JO ANDREASEN.<\/strong> Survival of 534 incisors after intra-alveolar root fracture in patients aged 7-17 years. Dent Traumatol 2008;24;379-387.<\/li>\n
  60. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS, TSILINGARIDIS G.<\/strong> Tooth mobility changes subsequent to root fractures. A longitudinal clinical study of 47 permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  61. ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS, HILLERUP S, KOFOED T, SCHWARTZ O.<\/strong> Alveolar fractures in the permanent dentition. Part 1. Epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis. An Analysis of 340 cases involving 800 teeth. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  62. ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS, HILLERUP S, KOFOED T, SCHWARTZ O.<\/strong> Alveolar fractures in the permanent dentition. Part 2. A clinical prospective study of 83 cases involving 197 teeth. Effect of preinjury and injury factors upon healing complications. Dent Traumatol 2009;25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  63. ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS, HILLERUP S, KOFOED T, SCHWARTZ O.<\/strong> Alveolar fractures in the permanent dentition. Part 3. A clinical prospective study of 83 cases involving 197 teeth. Effects of treatment factors upon healing complications. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  64. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, JACOBSEN HL, AHRENSBURG SS, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Replantation of 400 traumatically avulsed permanent incisors V \u2013 Preinjury and injury factors related to progression of root resorption. Dent Traumatol 2009;25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  65. ANDREASEN JO, BORUM MK, AHRENSBURG SS, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Replantation of 400 traumatically avulsed permanent incisors VI \u2013 Endodontic procedures related to periodontal healing or progression of root resorption. Dent Traumatol 2009;25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  66. HERMAN NV, ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN F, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Periodontal healing complications following concussion injury in the permanent dendition. Dent. Traumatol 2009; 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  67. HERMAN NV, ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN F, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Periodontal healing complications following subluxation injury in the permanent dentition. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  68. HERMAN NV, ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN F, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Periodontal healing complications following lateral luxation injury in the permanent dentition. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  69. HERMAN NV, ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN F, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Periodontal healing complications following lateral extrusion injury in the permanent dentition. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  70. BESSERMAN M, ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG S, SELMER U.<\/strong> Long term prognosis of anterior crown-root fractured teeth treated by orthodontic and\/or surgical exposure of the fracture site. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  71. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS, HILLERUP S, KOFOD T.<\/strong> Timing of healing complications after traumatic dental injuries. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  72. ANDREASEN JO, TSILIANGARIDIS G, CVEK M.<\/strong> Root fractures, treatment considerations after healing \/ non-healing in humans. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  73. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Contradictions in the treatment of traumatic dental injuries \u2013 and ways to proceed in dental trauma research. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  74. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, DAUGAARD-JENSEN J.<\/strong> Dental traumatology: an orphan in pediatric dentistry? Pediatric Dent 2009; 31: 153-156.<\/li>\n
  75. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Development of an interactive dental trauma guide. Pediatric Dent 2009; 31: 133-136.<\/li>\n
  76. LAURIDSEN EF, GERDS TA, HERMANN NV, CHRISTENSEN SA, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Crown fractures Part1 -healing complications of the pulp following crownfractures in permanent incisors. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  77. LAURIDSEN EF, GERDS TA, HERMANN NV, CHRISTENSEN SA, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Crown fractures Part 2 – development of pulp necrosis in permanent incisors following crownfractures and concussion injury. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  78. LAURIDSEN EF, GERDS TA, HERMANN NV, CHRISTENSEN SA, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Crown fractures Part 3 – development of pulp necrosis in permanent incisors following crownfractures and subluxation injury. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  79. LAURIDSEN EF, GERDS TA, HERMANN NV, CHRISTENSEN SA, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Crown fractures Part 4-development of pulp necrosis in permanent incisors following crownfractures with concurrent extrusion or lateral luxation injury. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  80. LAURIDSEN EF, GERDS TA, HERMANN NV, CHRISTENSEN SA, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Prediction of pulp necrosis following trauma in permanent incisors. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In preparation.<\/li>\n
  81. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The effect of splinting upon periodontal healing after replantation of permanent incisors in monkeys. Acta Odont Scand 1975;33:313-323.<\/li>\n
  82. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Influence of traumatic intrusion of primary teeth on their permanent successors in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1976;5:207-219.<\/li>\n
  83. S\u00d8DER P-\u00d8, OTTESKOG P, ANDREASEN JO, MODEER T.<\/strong> The effect of drying on the viability of the periodontal membrane. Scand J Dent Res 1976;84:164-168.<\/li>\n
  84. REINHOLDT J, ANDREASEN JO, S\u00d8DER P-\u00d8, OTTESKOG P, DYBDAHL R, RIIS I.<\/strong> Cultivation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts on extracted monkeys\u2019 incisors. A histological study of three culturing methods. Int J Oral Surg 1977;7:215-225.<\/li>\n
  85. THYLSTRUP A, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The influence of traumatic intrusion of primary teeth on their permanent successors in monkeys. A macroscopic, polarized and scanning electron microscopic study. J Oral Path 1977;6:296-306.<\/li>\n
  86. ANDREASEN JO, REINHOLDT J, RIIS I, DYBDAHL R, S\u00d8DER P-\u00d8, OTTESKOG P.<\/strong> Periodontal and pulpal healing of monkey incisors preserved in tissue culture before replantation. Int J Oral Surg 1978;7:104-12.<\/li>\n
  87. ANDREASEN JO, RIIS I.<\/strong> Influence of pulp necrosis and periapical inflammation of primary teeth on their permanent successors. Combined macroscopic and histological study in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1978;7:178-87.<\/li>\n
  88. BARBAKOW FH, CLEATON-JONES PE, AUSTIN JC, ANDREASEN JO, VEIERA E.<\/strong> Changes in tooth mobility after experimental replantation. J Endod 1978;4:256-72.<\/li>\n
  89. S\u00d8DER P-\u00d8, OTTESKOG P, FRITHIOF L, BLOML\u00d6F L, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Cultivation of fibroblasts on human teeth. Ultrastructural observations of cells cultivated in multilayers. Int J Oral Surg 1979;8:234-240.<\/li>\n
  90. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> A time-related study of periodontal healing and root resorption activity after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. Swed Dent J 1980;4:101-10.<\/li>\n
  91. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Analysis of topography of surface and inflammatory root resorption after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. Swed Dent J 1980;4:135-44.<\/li>\n
  92. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Analysis of pathogenesis and topography of replacement resorption ankylosis after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. Swed Dent J 1980;4:231-40.<\/li>\n
  93. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The effect of removal of the coagulum in the alveolus before replantation upon periodontal and pulpal healing of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1980;9:458-61.<\/li>\n
  94. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Delayed replantation after submucosal storage in order to prevent root resorption after replantation. In J Oral Surg 1980:9:394-403.<\/li>\n
  95. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Relationship between cell damage in the periodontal ligament after replantation and subsequent development of root resorption. Acta Odont Scand 1981;39:15-25.<\/li>\n
  96. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Effect of extra-alveolar period and storage media upon periodontal and pulpal healing after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. In J Oral Surg 1981;1:43-53.<\/li>\n
  97. ANDREASEN JO, KRISTERSON L.<\/strong> The effect of limited drying or removal of the periodontal ligament upon periodontal healing after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. Acta Odont Scand 1981;39:1-13.<\/li>\n
  98. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The effect of pulp extirpation or root canal treatment on periodontal healing after replantation of permanent incisors in monkeys. J Endod 1981;7:245-52.<\/li>\n
  99. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Interrelation between alveolar bone and periodontal ligament repair after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. J Perio Dent Res 1981;16:228-35.<\/li>\n
  100. TRONSTAD L, ANDREASEN JO, HASSELGREN G, KRISTERSON L, RIIS I.<\/strong> pH changes in dental tissue after root canal filling with calcium hydroxide. J Endod 1981;7:17-22.<\/li>\n
  101. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The effect of excessive occlusal trauma upon periodontal healing after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys. Swed Dent J 1981;5:115-22.<\/li>\n
  102. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Periodontal healing after replantation and autotransplantation of incisors in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1981;10:54-61.<\/li>\n
  103. ANDREASEN JO, KRISTERSON L.<\/strong> The effect of extra-alveolar root filling with calcium hydroxide on periodontal healing after replantation of permanent incisors in monkeys. J Endod 1981;7:349-54.<\/li>\n
  104. WEINSTEIN FM, WORSAAE N, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The effect on periodontal and pulpal tissues of various cleaning procedures prior to replantation of extracted teeth. Acta Odont Scand 1981;39:251-5.<\/li>\n
  105. ANDREASEN JO, KRISTERSON L.<\/strong> Repair processes in the cervical region of replanted and transplanted teeth in monkeys. In J Oral Surg 1981;10:128-36.<\/li>\n
  106. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Relationship between surface and inflammatory resorption and changes in the pulp after replantation of permanent incisors in monkeys. J Endod 1981;7:294-301.<\/li>\n
  107. ANDREASEN JO, KRISTERSON L.<\/strong> Evaluation of different types of autotransplanted connective tissues as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. An experimental replantation study in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1981;10:189-201.<\/li>\n
  108. CVEK M, CLEATON-JONES PE, AUSTIN JC, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Pulp reactions to exposure after experimental crown fractures or grinding in adult monkeys. J Endod 1982;8:391-7.<\/li>\n
  109. MATSSON L, ANDREASEN JO, CVEK M, GRANATH L.<\/strong> Ankylosis of experimentally reimplanted teeth related to extra-alveolar period and storage environment. Ped Dent 1982;4:327-9.<\/li>\n
  110. KRISTERSON L, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> The effect of splinting upon periodontal and pulpal healing after autotransplantation of mature and immature permanent incisors in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1983;12:239-49.<\/li>\n
  111. SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Cryopreservation of mature teeth before replantation in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1983;12:425-36.<\/li>\n
  112. KRISTERSON L, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Influence of root development on periodontal and pulpal healing after replantation of incisors in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1984;13:313-23.<\/li>\n
  113. KRISTERSON L, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Autotransplantation and replantation of tooth germs in monkeys. Effect of damage to the dental follicle and position of transplant in the alveolus. Int J Oral Surg 1984;13:324-33.<\/li>\n
  114. ANDREASEN JO, SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> The effect of apicoectomy before replantation on periodontal and pulpal healing in teeth in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1985;14:176:83.<\/li>\n
  115. SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN JO, GREVE T.<\/strong> Cryopreservation before replantation of mature teeth in monkeys (II). Effect of preincubation, different freezing and equilibration rates and endodontic treatment upon periodontal healing. Int J Oral Surg 1985;14:350-61.<\/li>\n
  116. ANDREASEN JO, SCHWARTZ O.<\/strong> The effect of saline storage before replantation upon dry damage of the periodontal ligament. Endod Dent Traumatol 1986;2:67-70.<\/li>\n
  117. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Review article. Experimental dental traumatology. Development of a model for external root resorption. Endod Dent Traumatol 1987;3:269-87.<\/li>\n
  118. ANDERSSON L, JONSSON BG, HAMMERSTR\u00d6M L, BLOML\u00d6F L, ANDREASEN JO, LINDSKOG S.<\/strong>Evaluation of statistics and desirable experimental design of a histomorphometrical method for studies of root resorption. Endod Dent Traumatol 1987;3:288-95.<\/li>\n
  119. ANDREASEN JO, KRISTERSON L, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Effect of damage to the Hertwig\u2019s epithelial root sheath upon root growth after autotransplantation of teeth in monkeys. Endod Dent Traumatol 1988;4:145-51.<\/li>\n
  120. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Review of root resorption systems and models. Etiology of root resorption and the homeostatic mechanisms of the periodontal ligament. In: Davidovitch Z (ed). The Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption and Root Resorption. EBSCO Media, Birmingham 1988, pp.9-21.<\/li>\n
  121. SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Allotransplantation and autotransplantation of mature teeth in monkeys. The influence of endodontic treatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1988;46:672-81.<\/li>\n
  122. GROISMAN M, SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN JO, ATTSTR\u00d6M R.<\/strong> Supraalveolar periodontal healing of auto- and allotransplanted teeth in monkeys. Endod Dent Traumatol 1989;5:229-33.<\/li>\n
  123. SCHENDEL KU, SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN JO, HOFFMEISTER B.<\/strong> Re-innervation of autotransplanted teeth. A histological investigation in monkeys. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990;19:247.<\/li>\n
  124. SCHWARTZ O. GROISMAN M, ATTSTR\u00d6M R. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Transmission electron microscopy of supraalveolar periodontal healing of auto- and allotransplanted teeth in monkeys. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990;6:26-32.<\/li>\n
  125. ANDREASEN JO, PITT FORD TR.<\/strong> A radiographic study of the effect of various retrograde fillings on periapical healing after replantation. Endod Dent Traumatol 1994;10:276-81.<\/li>\n
  126. PITT FORD TR, ANDREASEN JO, KARIYAWASAM SP.<\/strong> Effect of IRM root end filling on healing after replantation. J Endod 1994;20:381-5.<\/li>\n
  127. PITT FORD TR, ANDREASEN JO, DORN SO, KARIYAWASAM SP.<\/strong> Effect of super-EBA as a root end filling on healing after replantation. J Endod 1995;21:13-5.<\/li>\n
  128. PITT FORD TR, ANDREASEN JO, DORN SO, KARIYAWASAM SP.<\/strong> Effect of various zinc oxide materials as root-end fillings on healing after replantation. Int Endod J 1995;28:273-8.<\/li>\n
  129. PITT FORD TR, ANDREASEN JO, DORN SO, KARIYAWASAM SP.<\/strong> Effect of various sealers with gutta-percha as root-end fillings on healing after replantation. Endod Dent Traumatol 1996;12:33-7.<\/li>\n
  130. OIKARIENEN KS, STOLZE K, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Influence of conventional forceps extraction and extraction with and extrusion instrument on cementoblast loss and external root resorption of replanted monkey incisors. J Periodont Res 1996;31:337-44.<\/li>\n
  131. ROBERTSON A, LUNDGREN T, ANDREASEN JO, DIETZ W, HOYER I, NOR\u00c9N JG.<\/strong> Pulp calcifications in traumatized primary incisors. A morphological and inductive analysis study. Eur J Oral Sci 1997;196-206.<\/li>\n
  132. FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC, KREIBORG S, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Adhesive bonding of fragmented anterior teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1998;14:119-123.<\/li>\n
  133. FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC, SUH BI, ANDREASEN JO, KREIBORG S.<\/strong> Adhesive bonding of fractured anterior teeth: effect of wet technique and rewetting agent. Am J Dent 1998;11:251-253.<\/li>\n
  134. FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC, ANDREASEN JO, KREIBORG S.<\/strong> Drying and reweetting anterior crown fragments prior to bonding. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999;15:113-16.<\/li>\n
  135. FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Fracture strength of fragment-bonded teeth. Effect of calcium hydroxide lining before bonding. Am J Dent 2000;13:98-100.<\/li>\n
  136. FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Impact strength of teeth restored by fragment-bonding. Endod Dent Traumatol 2000;16:151-3.<\/li>\n
  137. FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Strength of fragment-bonded teeth. In: Roulet J-F, Degrange M, (ed.). Adhesion. The Silent Revolution in Dentistry. Quintessenz Publishing Co, Inc. 2000;197-200.<\/li>\n
  138. ROBERTSON A, ANDREASEN FM, BERGENHOLTZ G, ANDREASEN JO, MUNKSGAARD C.<\/strong> Pulp reactions to restoration of experimentally induced crown fractures. J Dent 1998;26:409-416.<\/li>\n
  139. ANDREASEN JO, FARIK B, MUNKSGAARD EC.<\/strong> Long-term calcium hydroxide as a root canal dressing may increase risk of root fracture. Dent Traumatol 2002;18:134-7.<\/li>\n
  140. SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Allo- and autotransplantation of mature teeth in monkeys: a sequential time-related histoquantitative study of periodontal and pulpal healing. Dent Traumatol 2002;18:246-61.<\/li>\n
  141. SCHWARTZ O, ANDREASEN FM, ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Effects of temperature, storage time and media on periodontal and pulpal healing after replantation of incisors in monkeys. Dent Traumatol 2002;18:1-6.<\/li>\n
  142. ANDREASEN JO, MUNKSGAARD EC, BAKLAND LK.<\/strong> Comparison of fracture resistance of immature sheep teeth after root canal calcium hydroxide or MTA. Dent Traumatol 2006;22:154-6.<\/li>\n
  143. ANDERSSON L, LINDSKOG S, BLOML\u00d6F L, HEDSTR\u00d6M KG, HAMMERSTR\u00d6M L.<\/strong> Effect of masticatory stimulation on dentoalveolar ankylosis after experimental tooth replantation. Endod Traumatol 1985; 1:13-16.<\/li>\n
  144. HAMMERSTR\u00d6M L, BLOOML\u00d6F L, FEIGLIN B, LINDSKOG S.<\/strong> Replantation of teeth and antibiotic treatment. Endod Dent Traumatol 1986; 2:51-57.<\/li>\n
  145. CVEK M, CLEATON-JONES P, AUSTIN J, KLING M, LOWNIE J, FATTI P.<\/strong> Effect of topical application of doxycycline on pulp revascularization and periodontal healing in reimplanted monkey incisors. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990; 6:170-176.<\/li>\n
  146. CVEK M, CLEATON-JONES P, AUSTIN J, KLING M, LOWNIE J, FATTI P.<\/strong> Pulp revascularization in reimplanted immature monkey incisors \u2013 predictability and the effect of antibiotic systematic prophylaxis. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990; 6:157-169.<\/li>\n
  147. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Traumatic injuries of the teeth. Textbook (1st ed.) Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1972.<\/li>\n
  148. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Traumatic injuries of the teeth. (2nd ed.) Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1981.<\/li>\n
  149. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth (3rd ed.). Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1993; 13-64.<\/li>\n
  150. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth (4th ed.). Oxford, Blackwell 2007. pp. 62-113.<\/li>\n
  151. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Essentials of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth (1st ed.). Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1990.<\/li>\n
  152. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM.<\/strong> Essentials of Traumatic Injuries to Teeth (2nd ed.). Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1999.<\/li>\n
  153. ANDREASEN JO.<\/strong> Atlas of Replantation and Transplantation of Teeth. Mediglobe SA, Switzerland 1990; 111-138.<\/li>\n
  154. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM, BAKLAND LK, FLORES MT.<\/strong> Traumatic Dental Injuries. A manual (1st ed.). Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1999.<\/li>\n
  155. ANDREASEN JO, ANDREASEN FM, BAKLAND LK, FLORES MT.<\/strong> Traumatic dental injuries. A Manual (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell\/Munksgaard Publishing Company. 2003;1-85.<\/li>\n
  156. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS.<\/strong> Dental Trauma Guide. A source of evidence based treatment guidelines for dental trauma. Dent Traumatol 2009, 25. In press.<\/li>\n
  157. HATIBOVI\u0106-KOFMAN S, RAIMUNDO L, ZHENG L, CHONG L, FRIEDMAN M,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Fracture resistance and histological findings of immature teeth treated with mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Traumatol\u00a02008;24:272-6.<\/li>\n
  158. HERMUND NU, HILLERUP S, KOFOD T, SCHWARTZ O,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Effect of early or delayed treatment upon healing of mandibular fractures: a systematic literature review. Dent Traumatol\u00a02008;24:22-6.<\/li>\n
  159. ANDREASEN JO, STORG\u00c5RD JENSEN S, KOFOD T, SCHWARTZ O, HILLERUP S. <\/strong>Open or closed repositioning of mandibular fractures: is there a difference in healing outcome? A systematic review. Dent Traumatol\u00a02008;24:17-21.<\/li>\n
  160. CVEK M, TSILINGARIDIS G,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Survival of 534 incisors after intra-alveolar root fracture in patients aged 7-17 years. Dent Traumatol\u00a02008;24:379-87.<\/li>\n
  161. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, ANDREASEN FM. <\/strong>Contradictions in the treatment of traumatic dental injuries and ways to proceed in dental trauma research. Dent Traumatol 2010;26:16-22.<\/li>\n
  162. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, DAUGAARD-JENSEN J. <\/strong>Dental traumatology: an orphan in pediatric dentistry? Pediatr Dent\u00a02009;31:153-6.<\/li>\n
  163. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, CHRISTENSEN SS<\/strong>. Development of an interactive dental trauma guide. Pediatr Dent\u00a02009;31:133-6.<\/li>\n
  164. ANDREASEN JO, SCHWARTZ O, KOFOED T, DAUGAARD-JENSEN J. <\/strong>Transplantation of premolars as an approach for replacing avulsed teeth. Pediatr Dent\u00a02009;31:129-32. Review.<\/li>\n
  165. TROPE M,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Comments on routine systemic antibiotic prescription in the management of permanent avulsed teeth. Dent Traumatol\u00a02010;26:302.<\/li>\n
  166. ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Pulp and periodontal tissue repair – regeneration or tissue metaplasia after dental trauma. A review. Dent Traumatol 2012;28:19-24.<\/li>\n
  167. ANDREASEN JO, BAKLAND LK. <\/strong>Pulp regeneration after non-infected and infected necrosis, what type of tissue do we want? A review. Dent Traumatol 2012;28:13-8.<\/li>\n
  168. BAKLAND LK,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Will mineral trioxide aggregate replace calcium hydroxide in treating pulpal and periodontal healing complications subsequent to dental trauma? A review. Dent Traumatol 2012;28:25-32.<\/li>\n
  169. TSILINGARIDIS G, MALMGREN B,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, MALMGREN O. <\/strong>Intrusive luxation of 60 permanent incisors: a retrospective study of treatment and outcome. Dent Traumatol 2012;28:416-22.<\/li>\n
  170. ANDREASEN JO, ANDERSSON L. <\/strong>Critical considerations when planning experimental in vivo studies in dental traumatology. Dent Traumatol\u00a02011;27:275-80.<\/li>\n
  171. ANDERSSON L,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Important considerations for designing and reporting epidemiologic and clinical studies in dental traumatology. Dent Traumatol\u00a02011;27:269-74.<\/li>\n
  172. OSTERGAARD BH,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS, POULSEN S. <\/strong>An analysis of pattern of dental injuries after fall accidents in 0- to 2-year-old children – does the use of pacifier at the time of injury make a difference? Int J Paediatr Dent\u00a02011;21:397-400.<\/li>\n
  173. ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, GERDS TA, AHRENSBURG SS. <\/strong>Dental Trauma Guide: a source of evidence-based treatment guidelines for dental trauma. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:345-50.<\/li>\n
  174. HERMANN NV, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS, GERDS TA,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Periodontal healing complications following extrusive and lateral luxation in the permanent dentition: a longitudinal cohort study. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:394-402.<\/li>\n
  175. ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS. <\/strong>History of the Dental Trauma Guide. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:336-44.<\/li>\n
  176. GERDS TA, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>The dental trauma internet calculator. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:351-7.<\/li>\n
  177. LAURIDSEN E, HERMANN NV, GERDS TA, KREIBORG S,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Pattern on traumatic dental injuries in the permanent dentition among children, adolescents and adults. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:358-63.<\/li>\n
  178. HERMANN NV, LAURIDSEN E, AHRENSBURG SS, GERDS TA,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Periodontal healing complications following concussion and subluxation injuries in the permanent dentition: a longitudinal cohort study. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:386-93.<\/li>\n
  179. ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS, TSILINGARIDIS G. <\/strong>Root fractures: the influence of type of healing and location of fracture on tooth survival rates – an analysis of 492 cases. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:404-9.<\/li>\n
  180. ANDREASEN JO, AHRENSBURG SS, TSILINGARIDIS G. <\/strong>Tooth mobility changes subsequent to root fractures: a longitudinal clinical study of 44 permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:410-4.<\/li>\n
  181. LAURIDSEN E, HERMANN NV, GERDS TA, AHRENSBURG SS, KREIBORG S,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Combination injuries 1. The risk of pulp necrosis in permanent teeth with concussion injuries and concomitant crown fractures. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:364-70.<\/li>\n
  182. LAURIDSEN E, HERMANN NV, GERDS TA, AHRENSBURG SS, KREIBORG S,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Combination injuries 2. The risk of pulp necrosis in permanent teeth with subluxation injuries and concomitant crown fractures. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:371-8.<\/li>\n
  183. LAURIDSEN E, HERMANN NV, GERDS TA, AHRENSBURG SS, KREIBORG S,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Combination injuries 3. The risk of pulp necrosis in permanent teeth with extrusion or lateral luxation and concomitant crown fractures without pulp exposure. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:379-85.<\/li>\n
  184. DIANGELIS AJ,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, EBELESEDER KA, KENNY DJ, TROPE M, SIGURDSSON A, ANDERSSON L, BOURGUIGNON C, FLORES MT, HICKS ML, LENZI AR, MALMGREN B, MOULE AJ, POHL Y, TSUKIBOSHI M; INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY. <\/strong>International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 1. Fractures and luxations of permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:2-12. Erratum in: Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:499.<\/li>\n
  185. ANDERSSON L,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, DAY P, HEITHERSAY G, TROPE M, DIANGELIS AJ, KENNY DJ, SIGURDSSON A, BOURGUIGNON C, FLORES MT, HICKS ML, LENZI AR, MALMGREN B, MOULE AJ, TSUKIBOSHI M; INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY.\u00a0<\/strong>International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 2. Avulsion of permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:88-96.<\/li>\n
  186. MALMGREN B,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, FLORES MT, ROBERTSON A, DIANGELIS AJ, ANDERSSON L, CAVALLERI G, COHENCA N, DAY P, HICKS ML, MALMGREN O, MOULE AJ, ONETTO J, TSUKIBOSHI M; INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY. <\/strong>International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 3. Injuries in the primary dentition. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:174-82.<\/li>\n
  187. ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Pulp and periodontal tissue repair – regeneration or tissue metaplasia after dental trauma. A review. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:19-24.<\/li>\n
  188. ANDREASEN JO, BAKLAND LK. <\/strong>Pulp regeneration after non-infected and infected necrosis, what type of tissue do we want? A review. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:13-8.<\/li>\n
  189. BAKLAND LK,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO. <\/strong>Will mineral trioxide aggregate replace calcium hydroxide in treating pulpal and periodontal healing complications subsequent to dental trauma? A review. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:25-32.<\/li>\n
  190. \u00a0TSILINGARIDIS G, MALMGREN B,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, MALMGREN O. <\/strong>Intrusive luxation of 60 permanent incisors: a retrospective study of treatment and outcome. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:416-22.<\/li>\n
  191. \u00a0ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E, GERDS TA, AHRENSBURG SS. <\/strong>Dental Trauma Guide: a source of evidence-based treatment guidelines for dental trauma. Dent Traumatol\u00a02012;28:142-7.<\/li>\n
  192. \u00a0ANDREASEN JO, LAURIDSEN E. <\/strong>Alveolar process fractures in the permanent dentition. Part 1. Etiology and clinical characteristics. A retrospective analysis of 299 cases involving 815 teeth. Dent Traumatol\u00a02015;31:442-7.<\/li>\n
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  194. \u00a0TSILINGARIDIS G, MALMGREN B,\u00a0ANDREASEN JO, WIGEN TI, MASENG AAS AL, MALMGREN O. <\/strong>Scandinavian multicenter study on the tr|||UNTRANSLATED_CONTENT_END|||<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Histoire du Dental Trauma Guide En 1962, une d\u00e9cision importante a \u00e9t\u00e9 prise au Centre des Traumatismes, le service de chirurgie orale et maxillofaciale de l’H\u00f4pital Universitaire de Copenhague : on proc\u00e9derait \u00e0 un enregistrement du suivi p\u00e9riodique de tous les patients trait\u00e9s pour des traumatismes dentaire et des l\u00e9sions maxillofaciales. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, le service est le seul responsable du traitement des traumatismes dentaires dans la r\u00e9gion est du Danemark, avec une population de pr\u00e8s de deux millions d’habitants. Les principes de traitement \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque \u00e9taient fond\u00e9s sur le manuel dat\u00e9 de 1960 \u200b\u00a0\u00bbThe Classification and Treatment of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":164326,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-177432","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","wpautop"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/177432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=177432"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/177432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":177666,"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/177432\/revisions\/177666"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/164326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dentaltraumaguide.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=177432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}